Demê we baş û xweş be temaşevanên me yî hêja. Have a good and pleasant time, our dear viewers.
Bi xelekek nû ji bernameya Gundên Welat. With a new episode of the program Villages of the Homeland.
Ez Rûlyan Hec Ehmed me, wê îro dîsa li gel we me. I am Rûlyan Hec Ehmed, I will be with you again today.
Vê carê jî me berê xwe da nav hinarên, nav dimsên hinara. This time too, we headed towards the pomegranates, the pomegranate molasses.
Em hatin gundê Xezewiyê. We came to the village of Xezewiyê (Ghazawiyah).
Gundê Xezewiyê bi ser bajarê Efrînê ve dakeve. The village of Xezewiyê falls under the city of Afrin.
Herwiha, gundekî kevnare em karin bibêjin. Also, we can say it's an ancient village.
Û gundekî mezin e. And it is a large village.
Bi me re bimînin em ê derbasî nav gund bibin. Stay with us, we will enter the village.
Bizanin ka çawa dimsa hinara çêdikin, Let's find out how they make pomegranate molasses,
û xelkê gund nas bikin. and get to know the people of the village.
Bi me re bin û li me temaşe bikin. Be with us and watch us.
Temaşevanên me yî hêja, Our dear viewers,
niha em li gundê Xezewiyê ne, em hatin mala Xalê Muxtar. right now we are in the village of Xezewiyê, we came to Uncle Mukhtar's house.
Wê ji me re behsa hinekî gundê Xezewiyê bike, û behsa çandiniyê li vê derê bike. He will tell us a bit about the village of Xezewiyê, and talk about agriculture here.
Merheba Xalo. Hello, Uncle.
Ehlen we sehlen, ehlen we sehlen bi hatina we û hatina Welat TV yê. Welcome, welcome to your arrival and the arrival of Welat TV.
Ser serî me, ser çavên me. You are very welcome.
Sax bin, sax bin. Stay healthy, stay healthy.
Em destpêkê te nas bikin, navê te? Let's first get to know you, your name?
Xalid Eb Mihemed. Xalid Eb Mihemed (Khalid Abu Mohammad).
Ji bi xwe te ji gundê Xezewiyê yî û muxtarê Xezewiyê yî? Are you from the village of Xezewiyê yourself and the mukhtar of Xezewiyê?
Ji Xezewiyê me, muxtarê Xezewiyê me û esl ji Xezewiyê me. I am from Xezewiyê, I am the mukhtar of Xezewiyê, and my origin is from Xezewiyê.
Tu ji çi wextê de bûye muxtar? Since when have you been the mukhtar?
Welleh ji duhezar û hejdehan de. Well, since two thousand eighteen.
Ji du hezar û hejdehan tu bûyî muxtar. You've been the mukhtar since two thousand eighteen.
Belê. Yes.
Heta niha tu muxtar î. Until now you are the mukhtar.
Te cewê gund çawa dibînî? How do you see the atmosphere of the village?
Welleh cewê gundê Xezewiyê, Well, the atmosphere of Xezewiyê village,
xweş e, teqrîben silametî ye. is nice, it's approximately safe.
Xweş e. Di gundên Xezewiyê, gundekî mîsalî ye, mişkîleya xelkê tune ne. It's pleasant. Among the villages, Xezewiyê is an exemplary village, the people have no problems.
Şe'bê xelkê, xelkê, bi hemdê Xwedê muthedir e, şe'bê xwe li hev e. The people, thank God, are civilized, the people get along.
Mezin, tu çi gilê mezinan dikî, mezin giliyên piçûkan dikin, yanê gî mutefiq in. The elders, whatever the elders say, the elders also say what the younger ones say, meaning everyone is in agreement.
Rind e. That's good.
Em werin, niha ku çi tiştkî ser çandiniyê deng kin. Let's come, now if we talk a bit about agriculture.
Em zanin Xezewiyê maşelleh darên wê, fêkiyên wê tê de pir in. We know Xezewiyê, mashallah, its trees, its fruits are abundant.
Hêşînahiyên wê tê de pir in. Te kî ji me re behsa vê tiştî bikî. Its greenery is abundant. Can you talk to us about this?
Welleh Xezewiyê bi xwa ard ul-mî'tae (erdê dayînê ye). Well, Xezewiyê itself is the land of giving.
Bi xwa, hinar hene, hermî hene, sêv hene, şeftelî heye, Naturally, there are pomegranates, there are pears, there are apples, there are peaches,
û erdê bejî teb'en, em dikin genim, û dikin xudre (şînkatiyê). and dry land of course, we plant wheat, and we plant vegetables.
Û xudre jî min enwa', yanê, isût, bacanê sor, bacanê reş, And vegetables of all kinds, meaning, peppers, tomatoes, eggplants,
gî, yanê gî, elhemdulillah. everything, meaning everything, praise be to God.
Avî ne lê bejî ne? Are they irrigated or dry farmed?
Na, na avî hemî, bejî tune ne. No, no all irrigated, there are no dry farmed ones.
Niha em zanin li Efrînê, bi şiklekî 'am, yanê, av qut bûye. Now we know in Afrin, generally, you know, the water has been cut off.
E, niha hemî bu du sal, ezme ye. Yeah, now for the past two years, there's a crisis.
Hemî jî bu du sal ezme, lewqa hemî heta eqelî sed jî teqrîben bû heft heşt bîr dikolin. All for the past two years there's a crisis, so much so that even to the minimum they are digging about seven or eight wells.
A, ava wan ew, ji bîra dikişînin. Oh, their water, they pull it from the wells.
A, teb'en hemî ji bîra ye, bes sed hebu. Yeah, of course all is from wells, but there was a dam.
Hemî sedê birkê, ji Meydankê dihate birkê, li birkê jî bu heyran çêkiribûn. All the dam of the pool, it came from Meydanke to the pool, and at the pool they had built a reservoir.
Û ji qenala, li, birkê û Xezewiyê, şadirê beladê bu. And from the channel, at, the pool and Xezewiyê, it was the main source of the town.
Belê. Yes.
Û pir feyde hebu, yanê feyde li milet kiribû. And there was a lot of benefit, meaning it had benefited the people.
Û feyde li teb'en, botniya erdê jî kiribû, av kêm nedibûn. And naturally, it also benefited the underground water, the water didn't decrease.
E, bu du sal sed tinene, hemî em jî em jî gîştine wê eswê wekî hemî zuxuf (zehmetî). Yeah, for two years there's no dam, all of us, we've also reached that bad state like all the difficulties.
Belê. Yes.
Em kî ne ku hinekî ser hinarê deng kin. Let's talk a little bit about pomegranates.
Wek ku, mosimê, hinara ye, dimsê hinara ye, wancê dikin. As it is the season of pomegranates, pomegranate molasses, they are making it.
Em kî hinekê ser vê tiştî deng kin. Enwa'ê (cureyên) hinarê, tê ji me re ha li virê. Let's talk a little bit about this. The types of pomegranates, here for us.
Welleh enwa'ê (cureyên) hinara heye, tirş e, heye lefan e, lefana tirş e, heye dibin... û frinsî heye. Well, there are types of pomegranates, sour, there's lefan, sour lefan, there are... and there's French.
Hava, e, faransî ya ez zani me tirş e hava. This one, uh, the French one I know is sour.
Na fransî û hinareya sor, ew e, sor e. No, the French and the red pomegranate, that's it, it's red.
Hm. Hm.
M.. M..
Evê xemrî bi cî xemrî, lonê (rengê) xemrî ev ismê wî bi semûh (jê re dibêjin) feransî. Yes.
Evê xemrî bi cî xemrî, lonê (rengê) xemrî ev ismê wî bi semûh (jê re dibêjin) feransî. This wine-colored one, wine-colored, wine color, this one's name they call it French.
Lefan, mezin dibe. Lefan, it grows big.
Lefan jî enwa' hene, lefanê şêrîn heye û lefanê tirş heye. Lefan also has types, there's sweet lefan and sour lefan.
Û sedefî heye. Yes.
Û sedefî heye. And there's sedefî (pearly).
Belê. Û çi wextî te dest pê dikin mosimê hinara berhev dikin? Yes. And when do they start gathering the pomegranate crop?
Û heya kengî berdewam dike? And until when does it continue?
Aha, em teqrîben, teqrîben şiklêl mi'temed (bi awayekî fermî) di dehî deha de em berhev dikin. Aha, we approximately, approximately in the official way, in the tenth of the tenth (October 10th) we gather.
Dike? It does?
Wî heta serî salê de re. Yes, until the beginning of the year.
Heta serî salê de re. Until the beginning of the year.
We ye di keva rejê, heta mehê di diwê se, siha elmuhum, huwe we (ew) yanê huwe we imkaniyetû (derfetên). Some put it in cold storage, until the second or third month, anyway, it is, meaning according to possibilities.
Yanê hinar xerab nabe, eger tu bixe ber sariyê? Meaning the pomegranate doesn't spoil if you put it in the cold?
Na na heta sê mehan, heta çar mehan, heta pênc mehan tehmul dike. No, no, it endures up to three months, up to four months, up to five months.
Belê. Û ji vir de û li gund dimsê jî çêdikin. Yes. And from here on in the village they also make molasses.
Teb'en leka(bêguman) dims, madeke esasî ye. Of course, molasses is a basic material.
Dimsê û in tenê ji, malên xwera çêdikî, la em bêjin û difiroşin jî? And molasses, do they only make it for their own homes, or let's say they sell it too?
Na no, yê heye ji malê xwe ra çêdike, yê heye ji 'îbare 'en (wekî) difiroşe ji. Me'nê befiroşe jî. No, no, there are those who make it for their homes, there are those who as a rule sell it too. Meaning to sell as well.
Yanê besayel (bûye) wesîletul riziq. Meaning it has become a means of livelihood.
Belê. Yes.
Em wêre niha çi tişkî behsa zeytûnê bikin. Let's come now and talk a bit about olives.
Zeytûn îsal cem we çawa ye? How are the olives this year with you?
Welleh cem me zeytûn, Well, olives with us,
Pêşî dema ko em bûn, pêşî sala ko em bûn salek weka baran ezmî (kêmbûn), seqem hat. At first, when we were, the first year when we were, a year like an extreme lack of rain, frost came.
Sê çar roj seqem bûn, seqemê lê xist. It was freezing for three or four days, the frost hit it.
Çendek filitîn ew ê, filitînî jî şewbê lê xist, ew çend reyet (car) şewb atî. A few survived, and the ones that survived were hit by a blight, a blight came a few times.
Yanê ne bes li ewê xist li hinarê xist li îsot- heta îsot zerar pê bûn. Meaning it didn't just hit that, it hit the pomegranates, the peppers—even peppers were damaged by it.
Yanê em kanin bêjin îsal zeytûn kok tune ne. Meaning we can say this year there are absolutely no olives.
Na, na, cem me kok tune ne. No, no, with us there are absolutely none.
M.. M..
Têy em key vê, vê em warem bibeşin, vê mişkîleyê em key çawa çareseriyekê jê re bibîn, em kî çawa hil bikin. Okay, let's come to this, let's say this, how can we find a solution to this problem, how can we solve it?
Gava em bêjin îsal, sal xêr nekir. Barane lê nekir. When we say this year, the year didn't bring goodness. It didn't rain on it.
Û çi iqtîreh (pêşniyar) we heye pêşerojê de? And what suggestion do you have for the future?
Ê welleh heqa marî erê hevkê jêstê nizamu bîra ye derxînin, elmuhîm tiştekê dikin. Well, the right thing for people is to help each other, they are drilling wells with a system, anyway they do something.
O ni, av din. Give water.
A lê av din, a, ekîd ekîd. Yeah, give water, yeah, absolutely, absolutely.
Belê. Niha û dema wîncû dajo, wîn, hev tişto, feyde ekil, zeytûno tinaye, ko we av nadojî. Yes. Now, and when you plant them, you, these things, the benefit is food, there are no olives, if you don't water them.
Welleh bi xwa berê zeytûn nedidatne avdanê heviyê meselê avdanê... Well, honestly, before they didn't used to water olives, relying on the issue of watering...
teqrîben jî, jî bîst sala de ev ber de e, xelk av dida welleh. Berê me, yanê em tiçuk bûn me, kesî zeytûn ava nedida zeytûnê bi xwe bejî ne. approximately also, for twenty years this yields, uh, people watered them. Before us, meaning when we were small, no one watered olives, olives themselves are dry farmed.
Hm. Hm.
Belê. Yes.
Spasiya te dikim. Dem û saetên te xweş. I thank you. Have a good time.
Ehlen we sehlen ehlen we sehlen ji hatina we re. Welcome, welcome to your arrival.
Gundê Xezewiyê. Xezewiyê Village.
Bi ser bajarê Efrînê ve dakeve. It falls under the city of Afrin.
Û panzdeh kîlometre ji bajarê Efrînê ve dûr dakeve. And it is fifteen kilometers away from the city of Afrin.
Herwiha, Also,
Kevintiriya wê diftile beriya zêdetirî dused sal. Its antiquity dates back more than two hundred years.
Çarsed mal li vê derê heye û nêzî hezar û pêncsed kes li vê derê dijîn. There are four hundred houses here and nearly one thousand five hundred people live here.
Herwiha, ji tiştên herî navdar li vê gundî; hinar û zeytûn in. Also, among the most famous things in this village are pomegranates and olives.
Niha jî, Şêx Reşîd bi me re ye. And now, Şêx Reşîd (Sheikh Rashid) is with us.
Şêx Reşîd, bi xwe Şêxê Êzidiyan e. Şêx Reşîd, he himself is a Sheikh of the Yazidis.
Em kî ji me re hinekî behsa Êzidiyan bike. We want him to tell us a little bit about the Yazidis.
Wek em dizanin ku Xezewiyê... As we know that Xezewiyê...
Him Misilman tê da hene. Kurdên Misilman, him jî Kurdên Êzidî tê de ne. There are both Muslims in it. Kurdish Muslims, and also Kurdish Yazidis are in it.
Û kî ji me re behsa vê tiştî bike. And he will tell us about this.
Merheba Xalo. Hello, Uncle.
Ehlen we sehlen... Welcome...
Em jî bi xêr hatina we dikin û destxweşî li we dikin li... We also welcome you and congratulate you on...
girûpê we tevde em destxweşî lê dikin. your group entirely, we congratulate them.
Û em dibêjin ehlen we sehlen we hat e gundê Xezewiyê. And we say welcome to your coming to Xezewiyê village.
Gundê Xezewiyê bi xwe gundekî... stratejî ye. The village of Xezewiyê itself is a... strategic village.
Belê. Yes.
Êêê, nêzîkî Efrîn deh û heft kîlo, deh û heşt kîlometre nêzîkî Efrîn e. Uh, it's close to Afrin, seventeen kilos, eighteen kilometers close to Afrin.
Hm. Hm.
Û gundekî bi xwe, yanê... And a village itself, meaning...
Êzidî ji te da hene. It has Yazidis in it.
Kurdên Êzidî û Kurdên Misilman... Kurdish Yazidis and Kurdish Muslims...
Kurdên Êzidî, û Kurdên Misilman te de hene. Kurdish Yazidis, and Kurdish Muslims are in it.
Gundekî teqrîben çarsed mal... yanê du gund e heye çarsed mal di gund da heye. A village of approximately four hundred houses... meaning it's two villages, there are four hundred houses in the village.
Nîvî gund Êzidî ne, nîvî jî Misilman e. Half of the village are Yazidis, and half are Muslims.
Hm. Hm.
Û miletê gund tevde, yanê... And all the people of the village, meaning...
Êê ferqe ferqê nakî, yanê hav Êzidî ye, hav Misilman e. Ferqê nakin, Uh, they don't differentiate, meaning this one is Yazidi, this one is Muslim. They don't differentiate,
am gî kurmanc in û tev hev ra dibin rûdinin. we are all Kurds and we get along and sit together.
Tev hev dixwin vedixwin, We eat and drink together,
Şîna me tev hev in, dewata me tev hev in, şabûnê me... miriyên me... ta'ziyên (serexweşiyên) me... gî tev hev in. Our mourning is together, our weddings are together, our joys... our dead... our condolences... everything is together.
Û tefrîqe kok tune. And there is absolutely no separation.
Hm. Hm.
Yanê em nabêjin havî Êzidî ye, û havî Misilman e. Em kurmanc in û xelas. Meaning we don't say this one is Yazidi, and this one is Muslim. We are Kurds and that's it.
Belê. Berî em bi vê tiştan zane bin. Yes. Before we knew these things.
Wina çawa bi hev ra dijîn, em ware destpêkê. How do you live together, let's go back to the beginning.
Destpêkê gund ava bûye. At the beginning the village was built.
Kurdên Misilman û Kurdên Êzidî bi hev re hatin? Lê kîjan wina di berî kî ya hat? Did the Kurdish Muslims and Kurdish Yazidis come together? Or which one came before the other?
Gund bi xwe, kî tu go kurmanc... The village itself, if you say Kurd...
kî tu go kurmanc, kî tu go Êzidî. if you say Kurd, if you say Yazidi.
Yanê... gund bi xwe... mentiqê Efrîn... bi şekl am... mentiqê Efrîn... Meaning... the village itself... the Afrin region... in general... the Afrin region...
bi xwe yanê... kî tu go kurmancî gi Êzidî ye. itself meaning... if you say Kurdish, everyone is Yazidi.
...hinekan e... meselen... xêrê nafetilîne... netîce na, madem ku... ...there are some... for example... it hasn't turned around much... in the end no, since...
Xêr in dên em bêjin. The circumstances have changed, let's say.
Xêr in, dêna xwe xêr in dên e. Meselen ya gundê me Xezwê... sed malbat in, Êzîdî mane, malbatek misilman mane. They've changed, the situations have changed. For example, our village Xezwê... 100 families are there, some are Yazidi, one family is Muslim.
Malbatên, ev yên Êzîdî ne. Meriyên xwe... The families, these are Yazidi. Their own people...
Û yên din jî? And the others?
Yên din jî, yên misilman in yanî. The others, they are Muslim, meaning.
Yanî koka yek e. Meaning the root is the same.
Yanî em kanin bibêjin, destpêkê ku ev gund gişî Êzîdî bûn. Meaning we can say, in the beginning all this village was Yazidi.
Paşê nîvê bûn misilman û nîvê din jî Êzîdî mane. Then half became Muslim and the other half remained Yazidi.
Erê. Yes.
Belê. Yes.
Bi xwe berê... gund giş bi xwe Êzîdî ye. Originally... the whole village is Yazidi.
Hmm. Hmm.
Û yanî, ji berî hefte-heştê salî... sed salî, xeyirîne. And meaning, 70-80 years ago... 100 years, they changed.
Belê. Yes.
Yanî sed sal nabe, yek gund, gundê Xezwê, meselen, misilman tê de çêbûne. Meaning it's not been 100 years, one village, Xezwê village, for example, Muslims emerged in it.
Berî hingî Êzîdî bûn, yanî giş meriyên hev in jixwe. Giş meriyên hev in. Before that they were Yazidi, meaning they are all each other's relatives anyway. They are all relatives.
Em kê çîşkî werin adet û teqalîdên we. Let's talk a little about your customs and traditions.
Çi cudahî di navbera we da heye, û di navbera Kurdên misilman da. What difference is there between you, and between Muslim Kurds.
Adet û teqalîdan da. In customs and traditions.
Noka gelek tiştan, cem we heye, we dikan... meselen Kurdên misilman nakin. Because many things you have, you do... for example Muslim Kurds don't do.
Tiştan heye hew dikin, meselen taqusên wan xas hene. Û we win nakin. Ah.
Tiştan heye hew dikin, meselen taqusên wan xas hene. Û we win nakin. There are things they do, for example they have their own special rituals. And you don't do them.
Êdên me cude ne. Our holidays are different.
Wekî tekane ji me ra hewal bidin. If you could tell us about it.
Yanî êdên me cude ne, yanî êdên hene em çêdikin, ew êdan, ew êdên... êdên me nakin. Meaning our holidays are different, meaning there are holidays we celebrate, those holidays, those holidays... they don't celebrate our holidays.
Meselen, cema êdan hene, a em pê ra dibên "Êda Xidir Elyas". For example, there are a few holidays, which we call "The Holiday of Xidir Elyas".
Xidir Elyas, Xidir Nebî. Xidir Elyas, Xidir Nebî.
Yanî "Êda Pêxûnê". Hmm.
Yanî "Êda Pêxûnê". Meaning "The Holiday of Pêxûn".
Êda Pêxûnê. The Holiday of Pêxûn.
Û wekî din jî li cem miletên din dibên... bi erebî dibên... "Eydil Hub". And otherwise among other nations they say... in Arabic they say... "Eydil Hub" (Valentine's Day).
"Eydil Benat" e. "Eydil Benat" (The Girls' Holiday).
Hmm. Hmm.
Yanî di qenciya... eee... li gor Êda Xidir Nebî... Xidir Nebî. Meaning for the goodness... eee... according to the Holiday of Xidir Nebî... Xidir Nebî.
Êda miraza ye. Hmm.
Êda miraza ye. It's the holiday of wishes.
Yanî Êda miraza ye. Meaning it's the holiday of wishes.
Dikeve çendî mehê? On what day of the month does it fall?
Dikeve... ewwel pêncşem, ji meha şibatê bi hesaba şerqî. It falls... the first Thursday, of the month of February according to the Eastern calendar.
Hmm. Hmm.
Şibat, bi hesaba şerqî. Ewwel pêncşem. February, by the Eastern calendar. The first Thursday.
Di wê rojê da çi dikin Kurdên Êzîdî? What do Yazidi Kurds do on that day?
Pêxûnê çêdikin. They make pêxûn.
Pêxûnê. Yanî wek zehterê ye. Pêxûn. It means it's like zaatar.
Dêrin meselen, berî cût... dendikî, ger dên, tiştên dendikî berberok, dendikî xeyara, dendikî kundira... They bring for example, before pairing... seeds, if they pay attention, seedy things, watermelon seeds, cucumber seeds, zucchini seeds...
...dendikî qawina, ê cebeşa, kuncî, fistiq, gûz... ...melon seeds, watermelon seeds, sesame, pistachio, walnut...
...cihê, genim. ...barley, wheat.
Ev gî tev e, wekî hew e... diherêrin di destêr da, destarê destan. This all together, like that... they grind them in a hand mill, the hand mill of hands.
Û xweyî tevî dikin. And they mix in salt.
Şor dikin. Şor dikin, vênê, ee... li şevê înê, dixun. They salt it. They salt it, they eat it, eee... on Friday night.
Yanî qîzik... qîzik... şebab... dixun. Meaning girls... girls... youth... eat it.
Çi te wey xewê da... ew xew e di wê... çi xewn dît, ew xewna... bicî dibe. Whatever you saw in your dream... that sleep is in that... whatever dream they saw, that dream... comes true.
Yanî em bêjin, qîzekê dîtin el hemwşê, el hewşê malekê da avê vexwar. Meaning let's say, a girl saw in a yard, she drank water in the yard of a house.
Yanî ew qîz keve... ew e... nisîbê wê malê. Yes.
Yanî ew qîz keve... ew e... nisîbê wê malê. Meaning that girl will fall... that is... the fate of that house.
Dikeve wê malê. She will fall to that house.
Keve bûkê wê malê. She will become the bride of that house.
Ee... xortekî, ava hewşê malekê vexwar, ew destê xwe da qîzekê di xewê da, me'na ew... ew qîz ewê keve... bibe nisîbê wî ne. Hmm.
Ee... xortekî, ava hewşê malekê vexwar, ew destê xwe da qîzekê di xewê da, me'na ew... ew qîz ewê keve... bibe nisîbê wî ne. Eee... a young man, drank water from a house's yard, he held out his hand to a girl in a dream, the meaning is that... that girl will fall... she will become his fate.
Ewane êda pêxûnê pê ra dibên. Hmm.
Ewane êda pêxûnê pê ra dibên. Those ones they call the Holiday of Pêxûn.
Belê. Yes.
Ee, ew dikin... misilman teva, ma, êh.. yanî... wan nakin. Eee, they do that... all Muslims, we, ehh.. meaning... they don't do it.
Ee... Êda "Çarşema Serê Nîsanê" heye. Eee... there's the Holiday of "Çarşema Serê Nîsanê" (First Wednesday of April).
Ee... Çarşema Sor. Çarşema Sor (Red Wednesday).
Ee... Çarşema Sor. Eee... Çarşema Sor.
Serê nîsanê, em dikin êd. Ew jî ewwel çarşem ji meha nîsanê bi hesaba şerqî. Yes.
Serê nîsanê, em dikin êd. Ew jî ewwel çarşem ji meha nîsanê bi hesaba şerqî. Beginning of April, we celebrate the holiday. That is also the first Wednesday of the month of April according to the Eastern calendar.
Hmm. Hmm.
Ee... em dikin êd vênê. Eee... we celebrate the holiday.
Ee, ooo... Eee, ooo...
Noka Çarşema Sor... ez zanim ne tenê Kurdên Êzîdî hazir dibin, Kurdên misilman jî pê ra hazir dibin. Now Çarşema Sor... I know not only Yazidi Kurds attend, Muslim Kurds also attend with them.
Tev hevene... ha... hazir dibin yanî. Tev hevene hazir dibin. Yanî ew jî tên... yanî ciwanên me... ferhetên me... şabûnên me, ew jî tên û em jî diherin. They all come... ha... they attend meaning. They all come together and attend. Meaning they also come... meaning our youth... our joy... our happiness, they also come and we also go.
Eeh, yê bes yanî eyd... Êzîdiya ye eyd. Eeh, but it's only meaning a holiday... a holiday of the Yazidis.
Em kê çîşkî werin ser "Çarşema Sor", deng ken. Berî ku tu Şêx e. Şêxê Êzîdiya ye. Let's talk a little about "Çarşema Sor". Since you are a Sheikh. A Sheikh of the Yazidis.
Paş xwast bi me, me'lumatan ji cem te bilqîn û pir in ne? So we wanted, to get information from you, and it's a lot, right?
Ez... çûyî me pir gundên Êzîdî... her yek bi awayekî ji me ra hewal da. I... have gone to many Yazidi villages... each one told us about it in a different way.
Te xwazim vê gundî, bizanibim, çi di "Çarşema Sor" da hun dikin? I want to know about this village, what do you do on "Çarşema Sor"?
Çarşema Sor, ev a destpêkê ruknê dinyayê. Çû dinya ava bû? Çarşema Sor, this is the beginning of the foundation of the world. How was the world built?
Rebul alemîn, wextê niga... Xwedê... dinyayê ava kir. The Lord of the Worlds, when... God... built the world.
Dinya ava kir, wextê niga beşer çêkiriye. Gotiye ke, dunyayekî ava bikim, dunyayekî çêkim. Built the world, when he created humanity. He said, let me build a world, let me create a world.
Dibe Padşê min û her hef sra dixe ûl e ne, ra yekê dikine. Got: "Yeqîn kin ez kê kinyatekê ava bikime. My King says and puts every seven secrets first, he makes them one. He said: "Be certain I will build a universe."
Gote Melaîkêt xwe, gote kinyatekî ava bikime." He told his Angels, he said let me build a universe.
Fe, dibe piştî hefsid sal, her heft sir, digihîjne diran û kas e. Then, it says after seven hundred years, every seven secrets, reached the teeth and the cup.
Qalibê Adem ava bû bê kaf e. Adam's mold was built without foam.
Fe gote rıhê: "Ji boy çi naçî nav e?" Then he told the soul: "Why won't you go inside?"
Dibe piştî hefsid sal her heft sir, digihîjne diran û kas e. It says after seven hundred years every seven secrets, reached the teeth and the cup.
Şemiyê danî esas e. Saturday was laid as the foundation.
Çarşemê ber kir kiras e. Wednesday it was given a dress.
Û Îniyê kiribû xilas e. And Friday it was finished.
Fe ruknê dinya... eee, hate danîn Şemiyê. Then the foundation of the world... eee, was laid on Saturday.
Li şemiyê hate danîn, û Îniyê jî, heft rojan, yanî dinya ava kir rabul alemîn. It was laid on Saturday, and on Friday too, seven days, meaning the Lord of the worlds built the world.
Fe hîngê erd... erdê... çewîr û çîman, nate ser erdê çênebû. Then at that time the earth... the earth... grass and meadows, did not exist on the earth.
Yanî erd... xwe nedikir, xêr e rabul alemîn... sirrek... hetanî sirra we... rehema rabul alemîn nate ser erdê. Meaning the earth... didn't do anything, the blessing of the Lord of the worlds... a secret... until that secret... the mercy of the Lord of the worlds did not come to the earth.
Yanî erd, mabû buhitî. Xwedawendekî xiditî go: "Ezîzê min erd bê wê sirrê nate bitî." Meaning the earth, was left stunned. A sweating God said: "My dear, the earth without that secret will not come to be."
Piştî çel salî bi hêjmar e, erdê bi xwere negirtibû heşar e. After forty years by count, the earth had not absorbed it.
"Go heta Laliş da hate xar e." "He said until it came down to Laliş."
Laliş da hate... It came to Laliş...
Li erdê şîn bû nebat e. Plants sprouted on the earth.
Pê zeyînîn çiqas qinyat e. How many creatures were decorated with it.
Hîngê bihar xêmilî... wextê rabul alemîn rehma xwe berdê ser erdê... rehm, yanî em dibêjin Lalişa Nûranî. Then spring was adorned... when the Lord of the worlds cast his mercy upon the earth... mercy, meaning we say the Luminous Laliş.
Yanî, Kaniya Sipî. Yanî di Lalişê me da... Meaning, the White Spring. Meaning in our Laliş...
Laliş hêvênê erdê ye. Laliş is the yeast of the earth.
Hêvênê dinyayê ye. It's the yeast of the world.
Laliş bi çi muqeddes e? Bi wê sirra rabul alemîn Kaniya Sipî. What makes Laliş sacred? By that secret of the Lord of the worlds, the White Spring.
Kaniya Sipî ev e sirra rabul alemîn, rehma rabul alemîn e. The White Spring, this is the secret of the Lord of the worlds, it's the mercy of the Lord of the worlds.
Lo mane Laliş bi wê hewê muqedes e, bi wê Kaniya Sipî muqedes e. That's why Laliş is sacred with that, it is sacred with that White Spring.
Ee... navê xw e Kaniya Sipî bû. Eee... its name was the White Spring.
Gava Tofana Nebî Nûh rabû, av av halê xwe ma, tevê nebû. When the Flood of Prophet Noah rose, water remained water, it didn't mix.
Sipî ma, ava wê xwe tevê Tofanê nebû. It remained white, its water didn't mix with the Flood.
Le ava tofanê... e dibê ew roja L'Eyn Sifnê geliyê tenûr e. But the flood water... he says that day at Ayn Sifni is the valley of the oven.
Rabû ava reş û sor e. The black and red water rose.
Rabû ava reş û sor e, kifir kirine gor bi gor e. The black and red water rose, the disbelievers were sent to their graves.
Yanî ava Tofanê, ava reş... ava reş bû. Meaning the water of the Flood, the black water... it was black water.
Fe, ev ava, ava sipî bû Kaniya Sipî, sipî ma, tevê avê... ava tofanê nebû... navê lê bû Kaniya Sipî. So, this water, it was the white water, the White Spring, it remained white, it didn't mix with the water... the water of the flood... its name was the White Spring.
Belê. Yes.
Eh... Fe lo mane ji Çarşemê... eee... ber kir kras e... yanî rehma Xwedê li Çarşemê... keskoyî û şînahî çêbû. Eh... So that's why on Wednesday... eee... it was dressed... meaning God's mercy on Wednesday... greenery and vegetation grew.
Dibe "Ha Çarşema ewwilî. Der bi renga xêmilî. E f dinya pê kemilî." It says "Ah the first Wednesday. The door adorned with colors. This world was completed with it."
Der sirra Rebbul Alemîn e, ne ev dinya beşer, gişk deriyê çêbû ye. Dir jî bi xwe nûra rabul alemîn e. The door is the secret of the Lord of the worlds, not this world of humans, everything was created through the door. The door itself is the light of the Lord of the worlds.
Belê. Yes.
Fe... So...
Hat Çarşema sor e, nîsan xemilî vî alî, di batinda av û mûr e. The Red Wednesday came, April adorned this side, inside it is water and ants.
Nîsanê geş kir, kesk û spî û sor û zer e. Pê bûn sereder e. April flourished, green and white and red and yellow. The leaders were with it.
Ser û der e... xemlandin e. Û ew pirsîn ji bo çî ne. Ew hamî xelatê... eee... Xudê... Û melekê Xudê ne. Ev xelatê Xudê ne. The leaders... they are adorned. And they asked what they are for. Those are all gifts of... eee... God... And they are God's angels. These are God's gifts.
Ev çewîr û çîman û ev gul û kongilîk û çîçek ev... This grass and meadows and these flowers and buds and blossoms this...
û ev rehma... ewe. Giştek çêbû li Çarşema Serê nîsanê çêbû, lo ma... dinya xemilî em jî ferhê çêdikin, dikin eyd. and this mercy... that is it. It all happened on the First Wednesday of April, that's why... the world was adorned, we also celebrate, we make a holiday.
Dikin eyd. Çarşema Sor, wekî nav lê kir. You make a holiday. Çarşema Sor, as it was named.
Ee, ma lê kir... Çarşema Sor. Eee, it was named... Çarşema Sor.
Belê. Yes.
Maşallah, xalo ez te dibînim, cem te melumat pir in a. Mashallah, uncle, I see you, you have a lot of information.
Di kengî bûye şêx, ez dixwazim dizanibim? When did you become a Sheikh, I want to know?
Walla, kengî bimî şêx... bi xwe yanî... wextê ku ez wayî kir, û wa'î bû... ez nas kir... hatima dunyayê.. yanî omrê min deh du sî sal bûn min ev hewê kiribû hedefa xwe. Wallah, when I became a Sheikh... actually meaning... when I became aware, and gained awareness... I knew... I came to the world... meaning my age was 12-13 years old I had made this my goal.
Yanî ez kê şêx bim... Meaning that I will be a Sheikh...
Ez bibim şêx bim, min xwe kiribû karasî... têkê kirim karasîya derwêşiyê. I will be a Sheikh, I had made myself a hermit... I took the hermit's path of dervishness.
Û ez ke... teke bikim ez ke wekî... weke wînî rêka îmanê... riya îmanê. And that I would alone... follow the path of faith... the way of faith.
Yanî ji dewsê salî da min xwe d'parast. Ji şuxlê xirab, ji şuxlê na rind min xwe d'parast. Meaning from the age of ten I protected myself. From bad work, from not good work I protected myself.
Û... heta hîngê pîşê paşê... heta çelsalî şûnda... min wekî e tab'en min xwe tehzîr dikir. And... until then back and forth... until forty years later... I, like, of course I was preparing myself.
Tu kê ji me re hov bidî tişkî çewa tu xwe hazir dikir? Could you tell us a little about how you prepared yourself?
Min xwe tehsîr dikir li ba destî alimê ji min mestir... ba min alim hebûn. I was taking lessons at the hands of a scholar greater than me... there were scholars near me.
Apê min hebû Şêx Reşîd, pê ra dikin Şêx Reşîdê Şêx Zindo, apê min bû hew e alimê minteqê min bû... I had my uncle Sheikh Reşîd, they call him Sheikh Reşîd of Sheikh Zindo, he was my uncle, he was my scholar of logic...
Bixwe jî bixwe şêx e gundê we bû? He himself was also the Sheikh of your village?
Ew jî gundê xazwê bû pashî çû bajarê rûdişt, çû bajarî. He was also of Xezwê village, then he went to the city of Rûdişt, he went to the city.
Û xalê min hebû wî ra... di gotin... rehmetî Şêx Hisein. And I had a maternal uncle they called him... the late Sheikh Hussein.
Paşê xalê min yê din heye Şêx Muhammed. Then I have my other maternal uncle Sheikh Mohammed.
Ev e piştî genim ew gî e mrê xwe kirin... wefat bûn... fe min e, ez mecbur bûm êdî artiq, destê xwe da danîn min.. min şûna wan girt. These, after wheat they all spent their lives... they passed away... so it fell to me, I had to then, I took their hands... I took their place.
Te dixwend? Pirtuk dixwandin? Te... li cem wan tiştan dixwend û fêr dibû? Did you read? Did you read books? Did you... read and learn from those things with them?
Belê.. min... tev ew e a. elmdarê mezin. Yes.. I... with all those big scholars.
Bi rêya tilifonê bi rêya dîtina hev, bi rêya grupên Êzîdiya me çêdikir em fêrî elim bûn bi şeklekî nîzamî... paqij.. em fêrî elim bûn. By phone, by seeing each other, through the Yazidi groups we created, we learned knowledge in a systematic... clean way... we learned knowledge.
Di wekî tu şêxê Êzîdîyan î... tu çi tiştî ji Êzdîyan ra diki. Since you are a Sheikh of the Yazidis... what do you do for the Yazidis.
Karê te ji dîn û olî ra çiye? What is your work regarding religion and faith?
Karê me ji dîn û ola, em miriyên Êzidiyan radikin, defn dikin, telqîn dikin û em taziyê wan rûdinên, nesîhet dikin, şîret dikin, em dibin... Our work for religion and faith, we lift the Yazidi dead, bury them, perform the last rites, and we sit for their condolences, give advice, give guidance, we become...
Ji milet re, miletê xwe re bi şeklê giştî, em şîret dikin, xêrê ji hev re bixwazin, şerê ji hev re nekin, temahiyê malê dinê nekin, li pêşiya we mirinek heye. For the people, our people in general, we advise them, wish good for one another, do not fight each other, do not be greedy for worldly wealth, there is death ahead of you.
Ev a jî, Xwedayê mezin qanûnek daye ser vî beşerî. Qanûna herî mezin, û hukmê herî mezin Xwedayê mezin daniye ser vî beşerî, got ev beşer, yanî bira ji birê re quretiyê neke, evled li dê û bavê xwe quretî neke, gava zanibe ku ev dinya, hatin û çûyîn e. This too, God Almighty has given a law over humanity. The greatest law, and the greatest ruling God Almighty has placed upon humanity, He said this human, meaning a brother should not be arrogant towards his brother, a child should not be arrogant towards their parents, when they know that this world is coming and going.
Belê. Yes.
Fe lewma, em dibêjin dinya milkê Xwedê ye. So therefore, we say the world is God's property.
Tê zanî? You know?
Em dibêjin, Xwedê gotiye; "sineta min e, nabe tifan e. We say, God has said; "it is my tradition, it does not become a spit.
Bihişta min bi serî diçine. Lê xelkê nezan nagihîne." My paradise is reached through effort. But ignorant people do not attain it."
Dinya... Bihişta Xwedê... cihneta Xwedê ye, û cihneta Xwedê gel bi îmana xwe dihere. Bi emelê pak, bi xêrê, bi rindiyê, bi însanetiyê dihere cihneta Xwedê. The world... God's paradise... is God's heaven, and people go to God's heaven with their faith. With pure deeds, with goodness, with kindness, with humanity, they go to God's heaven.
Di kaniya kîjan dînî de, em Misliman jî em dizanin, kîjan tişt heram e, kîjan helal e. Di kaniya dînê Êzidiyan de jî, mînak, tu dikarî ji me re bibêjî, çi heram e, çi helal e? In the source of any religion, we Muslims also know, what things are haram, what is halal. In the source of the Yazidi religion as well, for example, can you tell us, what is haram, what is halal?
Di edeba dînê Êzidî de, ya heram e; selef, dizî, û derew. In the etiquette of the Yazidi religion, what is haram is; usury, stealing, and lying.
Selef, dizî, derew, kuştin û zineh û nebû. Û ev çi xeyrî Xwedê re, sûc e û guneh bû. Usury, stealing, lying, killing, and adultery, and denying. And anything other than God, is a crime and a sin.
Tebaen em dibêjin, di erkanê dînê me Êzidiyan de em dibêjin, feqîrî... feqîriya me bi cor e, hincî nefs e wiya li jor e, ew zû dikeve teşqelê û jor e. Naturally we say, in the pillars of our Yazidi religion we say, poverty... our poverty is a type, whoever's ego is high, they quickly fall into trouble and hardship.
Yanî feqîre... gotiye, "feqîre nod û neh erkan dîtin, miqerem in". Nod û neh erkan. Meaning the poor... he said, "the poor have seen ninety-nine pillars, they are sacred". Ninety-nine pillars.
Ji nod û neh erkana, sê erkanan ji bo xwe bel min. Sê erkanên ra... serkêş û sereke yanî. Yanî kesek nikare van nod û neh erkanan bi tetbîq bike, ev tenê ji Xwedê re ye û temam e. Out of ninety-nine pillars, choose three pillars for yourself. Three main and essential pillars, meaning. Meaning a person cannot apply these ninety-nine pillars, this is only for God and complete.
Em tim dibêjin, em dikêm in Xwedê yê temam e. Fe ji nod û neh erkanan dibê sê erkanan bel min, ew sê erkan, erkanek dibêje; 'nasîn e.' We always say, we are flawed, God is complete. So out of ninety-nine pillars, it says choose three pillars for me, those three pillars, one pillar says; 'knowing.'
Me'rîfe. Knowledge.
Eywe me'rîfe. Tu Xwediyê xwe înkar nekî. Xwedayê xwe nas bikî, tu zanibî Xwedê... ev dinya milkê Wî ye, ev beşer, melek çêkirine, dinya ava kir. Yes, knowledge. You do not deny your Owner. You know your God, you know God... this world is His property, these humans, He created angels, built the world.
Mirin daniye ser vî erdî, helal û heram çêkiriye, xêr û şer çêkiriye, dê û bavê xwe hez bikî, îmana te... te re çi gotiye... yanî îmana xwe, doza xwe rast bi tetbîq bikî, xêrê cîranê xwe re bixwazî, xêrê gundê xwe re bixwazî, xêrê dê û bavê xwe re bixwazî, ev gişt nasîn e. He placed death on this earth, created halal and haram, created good and evil, you love your parents, your faith... what it has told you... meaning you correctly apply your faith, your cause, you wish good for your neighbor, you wish good for your village, you wish good for your parents, this is all knowing.
Gotiye, "erkanek jî nasîn e. Hincî dil da kir yeqîn e, Xwedê wî/wê li ba xwe xweş dibîne." He said, "one pillar is knowing. Whoever made certainty in their heart, God sees them as good in His presence."
Yanî dema ku bi dilekî pak, bi qeniyeteke safî tu Xwedayê xwe nas bikî, îmana xwe nas bikî. Meaning when with a pure heart, with a clean intention you know your God, you know your faith.
Gotiye erkanek jî heyaye. Heya jî ku bi însan re hebe. Heya. He said another pillar is modesty. Modesty, which should be with a person. Modesty.
Çunkî gotiye, "ew hisna bê heya ye..." Yanî însanekî ku heya rûyê wî/wê de tune be... boş e. Gotiye, "ew hisna bê heya ye, qet sed salî îbadetê bike ye..." Because he said, "that beauty without modesty..." Meaning a person who has no modesty in their face... is empty. He said, "that beauty without modesty, even if they worship for a hundred years..."
"Gava çûye ber mehekê, hemû çûye bêfêde ye." "When going to the trial, it all went uselessly."
Yanî tu çi qasî îbadetê bikî û nimêjê bikî û xêr û rindiyê bikî, eger heya bi te re nebe, ev tiştên te hemû çûn... vala çûn. Meaning no matter how much worship you do and pray and do good deeds and kindness, if you have no modesty, all your things went... went to waste.
Fe heya... gotiye; "erkanek jî heyaye." So modesty... he said; "one pillar is also modesty."
Ew a sereke ye em dikarin bêjin. That is the main one we can say.
Eywe. Yanî yek ji wan sê erkanan e. Yes. Meaning it's one of those three pillars.
Gotiye; "gelî bira Xwedê ji we re hîn aye. Bêşik, bin destê Xwedê de we veweştaye." He said; "Oh brothers, God is a teacher for you. Undoubtedly, under the hand of God you are hidden."
Îsanê ku heya pê re hebe, ew dostê Xwedê ye, bêşik di bin stariya Xwedê de ye ew riha. A person who has modesty, they are a friend of God, undoubtedly under God's protection is that soul.
Erkanek jî ji rastiyê. Asasî jî rastî ye. Mirov ku rast be. Another pillar is honesty. The foundation is also honesty. If a person is honest.
Gotiye; "erkanek jî ji rastiyê. Xwedê ji we re... bê rastiyê û li pêş destê xwe de vediguhastiyê." He said; "another pillar is honesty. God for you... without honesty and before His hand it was transferred."
Yanî, erkanên sê ristî ye. Tê zanî tu ku rast bî... di her tiştekî de tu rastî bî. Meaning, the three pillars are truth. You know you should be honest... in everything you must be honest.
Mamoste naha jiyana we... pirsek dawiyê ji te bipirsim. Çi tişkî ye, ku di warê jiyana we de, Kurdên Misliman û Kurdên Êzidî, jiyana xwe bi hev re derbas dikin. Teacher, now your life... a final question to ask you. What is it, in your life, that Muslim Kurds and Yazidi Kurds, spend their lives together.
Jiyana me û tevahiya Kurdên Misliman, em xwişk û bira ne, muameleya me bi hev re pir xweş e, însanên mutevadi' in, ne bi nefs in, ne diz in, ne ewin... mîsal em bêjin. Our life and all Muslim Kurds, we are brothers and sisters, our interactions are very pleasant, we are humble people, not arrogant, not thieves, not those... for example let's say.
Elhemdûlîlah yanî silûkê me... mîna hev in. Thank God, meaning our behavior... is like each other.
Û me... tiştek di navbera me de xirab tune. Em wan nas dikin, ew me nas dikin. Îmana wan pak e, îmana me pak e. Û lewma em xweş dihatin naskirin. And we... have nothing bad between us. We know them, they know us. Their faith is pure, our faith is pure. And that is why we were well recognized.
Em jî ji alemê razî ne, elhemdûlîlah em gî jî wilo razî ne. We are also satisfied with everyone, thank God we are all satisfied like that.
Saeta te xweş! May your hour be pleasant!
Spas dikim, Xwedê ji te razî be! Thank you, may God be pleased with you!
Spasiya te dikim! I thank you!
Xwedê ji we razî be, û em jî... dibêjin saeta we xweş! Û hûn bi xêr û xweşî hatin. May God be pleased with you, and we also... say may your hour be pleasant! And you came with goodness and joy.
Merheba xaltîk. Hello auntie.
Ehlen wesehlen. Welcome.
Navê te bi xêr? Em te nas bikin. Your good name? Let us get to know you.
Zekîye. Zekiye.
Ji gundê Xezwiyê? From Xezwî village?
Xaltîk em hîn bûn... em hatin ciyê we. Em zanin we... dimsê hinarane, gelek diçe der. Dimsê hinarane çawa dikin? Em çima ku derê... em hinara dibînin. Em çûn nav bîstan me hinar dîtin. Em hatin me dimsê hinara dîtin. Tu dikarî hinekî ji me re li ser hinarê deng bikî? Hûn çawa dimsê hinarê çêdikin? Yes.
Xaltîk em hîn bûn... em hatin ciyê we. Em zanin we... dimsê hinarane, gelek diçe der. Dimsê hinarane çawa dikin? Em çima ku derê... em hinara dibînin. Em çûn nav bîstan me hinar dîtin. Em hatin me dimsê hinara dîtin. Tu dikarî hinekî ji me re li ser hinarê deng bikî? Hûn çawa dimsê hinarê çêdikin? Auntie, we learned... we came to your place. We know you... have pomegranate molasses, a lot goes out. How do they make pomegranate molasses? Because everywhere we go... we see pomegranates. We went to the orchard, we saw pomegranates. We came, we saw pomegranate molasses. Can you talk to us a little about pomegranates? How do you make pomegranate molasses?
Em berhev dikin. We gather them.
Hm. Hm.
Em diweşînin. Em dikine tenê, em dikine tûr e, em pê lê dikin, dikine av. Daparzinin, dikine teştan em dikelînin. We separate the seeds. We put them in a container, put them in a sack, we step on them, turn them into juice. We strain it, put it in tubs and boil it.
Ê gava ku dibe, em datînin. Boil it.
Ê gava ku dibe, em datînin. Yes, when it's done, we take it off.
Wê çend saetan li ser êgir dileyize? How many hours does it play on the fire?
Eh... qor heye pênc saetan, qor heye heft saetan. Qor heye, tenê ya mezin, dereng dikelişe. Eh... sometimes five hours, sometimes seven hours. Sometimes, just the big one, it boils late.
Belê. Yanî ji... çend saetan heta çend saetan taqrîben? Yes. So from... how many hours to how many hours approximately?
Çi... qor heye pênc. Roj heye sê, çar teşt em wê rojê dikelînin. What... sometimes five. Some days we boil three or four tubs that day.
Naha, ewên li vir derê, bi gîştî, çiqas... mînak li vê derê hane, gîştî çi dikin? Xwe li dervê dibin xewna robatê... ta ku qalik didine firotin. Dikin tûr û difiroşin. Now, those around here, in general, how much... for example, what do they generally do? They take it outside, like in dreams... until they sell the peels. They put them in sacks and sell them.
Naha dema ku we dimis çêkir. Hûn tenê ji mala re çêdikin? Lê hûn difiroşin jî? Now when you have made molasses. Do you just make it for the house? Or do you sell it too?
Difiroşin. Malê re û ortaxê xwe re em dikine... ortaxê xwe re dikin û difiroşin. We sell. For the house and for our partners we make... we make it for our partners and sell.
Belê. Em warin Xaltîk li ser karê we. Xeynî karê hinarê, dimsê hinarê hûn karê çi jî dikin? Yes. Let's come to your work, Auntie. Besides pomegranate work, pomegranate molasses, what other work do you do?
Em baxça dikin. Em îsota diçînin. Em berhev dikin. Em hişk dikin, dikin dimis, em dikin dîhûr. Em mekdoş çêdikin. We do gardening. We plant peppers. We gather them. We dry them, make paste, we crush them. We make makdous.
Belê. Yes.
Kundiran, em ji çerçefên wan dikin. Vana çeşîdê kûndiran dikin. Squash, we make things from their peels. They make these types of squash.
Kûndirê mast? Yogurt squash?
Eh. Yes.
Û xeynî vî, em bêjin, weke berê nan der dikirin, eva karê çetîn e? And besides this, let's say, like before they used to bake bread, is this difficult work?
Çêlek... tune! Min didot... Min garem dikir. Min demeyand. Min dikila. Cows... none! I used to milk... I used to heat it. I fermented it. I churned it.
Û min sêrî çêlê xwe... digirti, ta ku min tiştek ji xwe daştê. And I would head to my cows... grab them, until I unloaded something.
Min çêlê xwe têr dikir. Min çowalek cewrî xwa jî tanî. Û min dida devê... îcar... çêlê xwe didot. Şîrê xwe dihişt sibê. Min demeyand, min dikila. I used to feed my cow. I also used to bring a sack of bran. And I would put it in its mouth... then... I milked my cow. I left my milk until the morning. I fermented it, I churned it.
Meşk hebû, me tê de dikila, û me rûnê xwe digirt. Gava ma dixwar. Gava em difirot. There was a churn, we churned in it, and we got our butter. Sometimes we ate. Sometimes we sold.
Te got tu çend salî ye? Naha... You said how old are you? Now...
Heştê. Heta heştê û yek. Eighty. Up to eighty-one.
Emrê te serê xêrê derbas be. Bê destên te çêkirin û çênekirin na wisa? May your life pass in goodness. I mean, did your hands make it or not, like that?
Erê welle, welle. Ha çima we... ez çûme nexweşxaneyê, nexweşiya toxtor... şekirê min rabû, dixtor... yekî kurmanc bû... navê wî min bîr kir, Yes by God, by God. Ah why we... I went to the hospital, the doctor's illness... my sugar level rose, the doctor... he was a Kurmanc... I forgot his name,
Gava Xaltîk tu... emrê te çiqase? Min digot; heştê. Ez hatim, dîsa evkî bi nefîsa min sa kir. Got; emrê te çiqas e? Min got heştê, du cara heştê, min digot. He said, "Auntie you... how old are you?" I said; "Eighty." I came, again he checked my breath. He said; "How old are you?" I said eighty, two times eighty, I said.
Pê hefteyek diman... ez diçûme nexweşxaneyê, got, xaltîk... amrê te çiqas e? Min digot heştê, kano rabe miriye, got; xaltîk, umrê te bi heştêye, bi heştêye sê tişta nabe... A week passed... I was going to the hospital, he said, "Auntie... how old are you?" I said eighty, come on now stand up it's dead, he said; "Auntie, your age is eighty, at eighty nothing happens..."
Em werin ser... jiyana gundê Xezwiyê. Misliman hene, û Êzidî hene. Hûn bi hev re çawan in? Let's come to... the life of Xezwiyê village. There are Muslims, and there are Yazidis. How are you together?
Em rind in. Welleh em mîna ku... xwişk û bira ne... ev cîranê me Êzidî ne, ta em nizanin ev Êzidî ne, Îslam ne, em nav hev da ne, mîrov mane, wek go. We are fine. By God, we are like... brothers and sisters... our neighbors are Yazidis, to the point we don't know these are Yazidis, Muslims, we are among each other, our people, like they say.
Naha mîrovên we yê Êzîdî, wek hev in? Gotin; ferq di mabeyna me tu tişt nîne, gundê Xezwiyê... Now your Yazidi relatives, are they the same? They said; there is no difference between us, Xezwiyê village...
Ferq tu nîne welleh. There is no difference, by God.
Naha dema ku hûn jî bi hev re îtifaq ne, em bêjin mirîyek be, dewatek be, derek be... tev dikişin, dibin yek. Now when you also agree with each other, let's say if there is a death, a wedding, a place... do you all go, become one.
Gî... gî li hev ser dikişin, gî derdikevin... gî... em rind in. All... all of them pull together, all go out... all... we are fine.
Belê. Spasiya te dikim Xaltîk. Saeta te xweş. Yes. I thank you Auntie. Have a good time.
Ê te jî xweş. Yes, you too have a good time.
[Muzîk] [Music]
Zimanê me yî şêrîn, zimanê me yî hêja. Naha em ê bi mamoste Mihemed Enwer Bimaroy re... Our sweet language, our precious language. Now we will have an interview with teacher Mihemed Enwer Bimaroy...
Temenê wî heyştê û pênc salî ye. Berê li zanîngeha Şamê xwendiye, zanîngeha Şamê. He is eighty-five years old. He previously studied at the University of Damascus, the University of Damascus.
Bi xwe, em karin bibêjin dîrokek bi xwe ye. Yek jî, ji me re behsa dîroka xwe bike û yek jî me re behsa dîroka gundê Xezwê bike. Merheba mamoste. We can say he is a history in himself. We'd like him to tell us about his own history, and also to tell us about the history of the village of Xezwê. Hello, teacher.
Her hebe. Xêr hatî. Long live. Welcome.
Mihemed Enwer. Mihemed Enwer.
Belê. Yes.
Ji zanîngeha Şamê, em dibêjin, te xilas kiriye. You graduated from the University of Damascus, we say.
Belê. Yes.
Te çi xwendiye bi xwe li wê derê? What did you study there exactly?
Felsefe. Destpêkê da, umumî bû. Philosophy. In the beginning, it was general.
Felsefeya amê hebû, ilmê nefs hebû, ilmê civatê hebû, ilmê sûkan hebû. Yanî her tiştekî me dixwend. There was general philosophy, there was psychology, there was sociology, there was market science. I mean, we studied everything.
Naha çêbû, çêkirin felsefe, felsefe. But now, the branches of philosophy have been established.
Naha berî em dest bi muqabeleyê bikin. Te berî naha got, destpêkê te xwestibû li zanîngeha Helebê felsefe bixwînî. Now, before we start the interview. You said earlier, initially you wanted to study philosophy at the University of Aleppo.
Te got na, wê demê li Helebê felsefe tune bû. You said no, at that time there was no philosophy at Aleppo.
Wê lomê tu çûyî Şamê. That's why you went to Damascus.
Kî ji me ra naha tiştekî... Destpêkê, çima te ev feriye xwestiye ku bixwînî? Yes.
Kî ji me ra naha tiştekî... Destpêkê, çima te ev feriye xwestiye ku bixwînî? Can you tell us something now... First, why did you want to study this branch?
Û tu çûyî Şamê. Kî ji me re behsa vê merheleyê, ser vê merheleyê têkî? And you went to Damascus. Can you talk to us about this phase, about this phase?
Ser meseleyê... ez min bakalorya sala şêst û yeka stand. About the matter... I got my high school diploma in '61.
Sala şêstî, ez li Efrînê ez hatime girtin. In '60, I was arrested in Afrin.
Girtin, nezarê. Cemîl Horo jî, piştî nîv saetê ew jî anî kirin nezarê. Arrested, in the lockup. Cemil Horo too, half an hour later they brought him to the lockup too.
Nezara Efrînê. Hingê ewa... em Şamê hatibûn girtin. The lockup in Afrin. Then, we were taken to Damascus.
Ji ber ku em piştgirên hizbekî, partiya kurmancî, hatibû girtin. Because we were supporters of a party, the Kurdish party, we were arrested.
Û we şevê, Cemîl Horo hebsiyê rind bû. Ne hebsî bû. Di nezarê Efrînê da bûn. And that night, Cemil Horo was a good prisoner. He wasn't a prisoner. They were in the lockup in Afrin.
Mêrik da kilama. Stranan... Şêx Seîd... kilama Welat... The man started singing. Songs... Sheikh Said... the song "Welat"...
Stranên xwe navê xwa Welat e. His song is named "Welat".
Û di televîzyonan de jî navê xwa Welat e, ser teyrê ye, da. And on television its name is "Welat", it's about the bird.
Îcar ez, min bakalorya şêst û yeka girt. Em çûne cama'ê me xwend, wê fer'ê... So I got my high school diploma in '61. We went to the university and studied, that branch...
Kulliyeta Adabê bû, Qismê Felsefeyê. Yanî cama'a Şamê, nuh. Tıştê ku li Sûriyê felsefe tenê hebû. It was the Faculty of Arts, the Department of Philosophy. I mean the University of Damascus, it was new. It was the only place in Syria that had philosophy.
Îcar, piştî şêst û pêncan... şêst û şeşan min xilas kir. So, after '65... in '66 I graduated.
Çend salan man, paşê ta'yîn nebûm. Min çira ta'yîn nebûm? Min çû Bêrûtê. We stayed for a few years, then I wasn't appointed. Why wasn't I appointed? I went to Beirut.
Cama'a Yesû'iyeyê. To Saint Joseph University.
Hingê ez çi bûm? Mulaheq bûm, sîyasî bûm. Yes.
Hingê ez çi bûm? Mulaheq bûm, sîyasî bûm. What was I then? I was an attaché, a political one.
Hema çûm Bêrûtê. Dema, sê meh an... ez mam. Min got, ez çi bikim? Ez xwa ra qeyd bikim dirasatên ulya çêkim, majîstêr bixwînim. As soon as I went to Beirut. When, a month, three months... I stayed. I said, what should I do? I'll register myself, do higher studies, study for a master's degree.
Cama'a Yesû'iyeyê min qeyd kir. Min ewa... bir... I registered at Saint Joseph University. I took that...
Navê wê çiye... "Felsefet el-tesewwuf leda Ehmed el-Xanî fî kitabîhî Mem û Zîn." What's its name... "The Philosophy of Sufism according to Ehmedê Xanî in his book Mem and Zin."
Ev tişt e min bir. Min qeyd kir. That's the thing I took. I registered.
Piştî şêst û neha bû, an heftê bû. Sala heftê ez vegeriyama Sûriyê, cew rehet bû. After '69, or '70. In the year '70 I returned to Syria, the atmosphere was relaxed.
Hafiz Esed hat... bê qeyd û şert, berî wê çend salan em... digot em lîsansa me heye, em bibin mamoste, qebûl nedikirin. Hafez al-Assad came... unconditionally. Before that for a few years we... we said we have a bachelor's degree, to become teachers, they wouldn't accept us.
Hafiz Esed hate ser hukim. Got kî qedimandiye musabeqeyê, ta'yîna mamoste, giş qebûl kirin. Hafez al-Assad came to power. He said whoever has applied for the competition, for teaching appointments, accept them all.
Hingê ez jî... mihemed emîn e... ew e, ustad emîn e... Then I too... Mihemed Emin... that's him, Mr. Emin...
Baş bû. Yanî derbas bû. It was good. I mean it passed.
Min mutabe'a kir, meseleya mamosteyê, majîstêra xwe. I followed up on the matter of teaching, my master's.
Sala heftê, kongreya yekbûna di partiyan e. In the year '70, it was the unification congress of the two parties.
Yemîn û yesar. The Right and the Left.
Yesar bi wesatê Osman Sebrî bû. Yemîn jî Hemîd Derwêş û Reşîd Hemo bû. The Left was mediated by Osman Sabri. The Right was Hamid Darwish and Rashid Hamo.
Berzanî rûger pê wan... bibin yek. Em jî çûn. Barzani asked them... to unite. We went too.
Em hazir bûn... hingê herdu partî kirin yek. We were present... then they merged both parties into one.
Navî kirin "Qiyadeya Merhelî". They named it "Qiyadeya Merhelî" (Transitional Command).
Dihamê Mîro pê serokatiyê. With Diham Miro as its head.
Ev di kîjan salê de bû? What year was this in?
Hizar û nehsed û heftê yî. Nineteen seventy.
Hizar û nehsed û heftê. Kongreya wan li kû derê bû? Nineteen seventy. Where was their congress?
Li Hewlêrê bû. It was in Erbil.
Li Hewlêrê. In Erbil.
Li Hewlêrê. Hingê mamoste Mihemed Bekir, mesûlê telebeyê Ewrûpa bû. In Erbil. At that time, teacher Mihemed Bekir was the official for the students in Europe.
Û Ebdulrehman Ewnî, ew jî mesûlê telebeyê Îtîhad Sovyetî bû. And Abdulrahman Awni, he was the official for the students in the Soviet Union.
Herdu hatibûn, em jî Sûriyê, em di Sûriyeyî bûn. Both had come, and we from Syria, we were two Syrians.
Me ji mela mistefa re got... We said to Mela Mistefa...
Got, tiştekî min li cem mela mistefa heye. Ez dixwazim meraci'ên kitabê "Mem û Zîn" kom bikim. He said, I have something with Mela Mistefa. I want to collect references for the book "Mem and Zin".
Mela mistefa rênkarî kir... em... ez, Sûriyeyî çûbûm. Teba'a Sûriyê pir bûn li wê derê. Mela Mistefa sent for... us... I, a Syrian, had gone. Syrian followers were many there.
Û Mihemed Bekir, mesûlê Ewrûpa... Ebdulrehman Ewnî. Her sê, em şevê, çûne cem mela mistefa rûniştin. And Mihemed Bekir, the official for Europe... Abdulrahman Awni. All three of us, at night, went and sat with Mela Mistefa.
Heta sibê. Te di hingê min got: "De, te çi mijûlî ye?" Until morning. Then I said: "So, what are you busy with?"
"Te majîstêra Ehmedê Xanî çêdike... Mem û Zîn." "You are doing a master's on Ehmedê Xanî... Mem and Zin."
Min got: "Wileh, meraci'ên te hene. Meraci'ên te. Zanim terîqeta berzanî nexşebendî ye. Terîqeta nexşebendî ya sofî ye." I said: "By God, you have the references. Your references. I know the Barzani order is Naqshbandi. The Naqshbandi order is Sufi."
"Majîstêra min li ser sofiya kurd e. Ehmedê Xanî." "My master's is on Kurdish Sufism. Ehmedê Xanî."
Min ra got: "Wileh farisî ye, wileh yek saniye ez nadime kesî." He said to me: "By God, it's in Persian, and by God I wouldn't give it to anyone for a second."
Min jî... bi tiştekî gotinek nexweş bû... min got: "Min farisî zaniye. Min nizanîbû te fêr bûbû." And I... with something that wasn't nice to say... I said: "I know Persian. I didn't know you had learned it."
Got: "Baş e." Îcar, xariciyên me... mela mistefa baş deng kir. He said: "Alright." So, our foreigners... Mela Mistefa spoke well.
Hevalê me, Ebdulrehman Ewnî, qelem û defter xwest binivîse. Our friend, Abdulrahman Awni, took a pen and notebook to write.
Wexta ku dest pê kir binivîse, mela mistefa pê rehmê aciz bû. When he started to write, Mela Mistefa, bless his soul, got annoyed.
Got: "Hûn wek zarokên min in. Ez we radest dikim, xwe. Te xwe nekir suhufî (rojnamevan)." He said: "You are like my children. I surrender myself to you. You didn't become a journalist."
"Hema tu qeyd dikî?" "Why are you recording?"
"Û min hûn zarokên xwe hesibandin. Ez wilo xwe radest dikim." "And I considered you my children. I surrender myself like this."
"Heger tu suhufî bî, min jî wek suhufiyan pirs bikî." "If you are a journalist, ask me questions like a journalist."
"Min cewab da suhufiyekî. Min pirs kir... tarîxa nîdala te çiqas e? Dirêj e?" "I answered a journalist. He asked me... how long is the history of your struggle? Is it long?"
"Kî ji min re bêje? Got, min wî wextî got: 'Ji hezar û nehsad û sîyê da bû, û heta naha, nizanime mirin kengî ye?'" "Who can tell me? He said, I said at that time: 'It's been since nineteen thirty, and until now, I don't know when death is?'"
"Ev cewaba min da... suhufiyên wê wextê. Ew jî mar e hewal da." "This is the answer I gave... the journalists of that time. He also told us."
Her kesek zivirî welatê xwe. Everyone returned to their country.
Tu çend salan li Hewlêrê mayî? Em bizanibin? How many years did you stay in Erbil? So we know?
Belkî panzdeh rojan. Maybe fifteen days.
Panzdeh rojan. Fifteen days.
Em panzdeh rojan man. Kongre bû, kongre jî navberdan bû. Kongre nedihiştin navberdan. We stayed fifteen days. It was a congress, and the congress had breaks. They wouldn't let the congress have breaks.
Ewa cara yekê bû tu diçûyî wê derê? Was that the first time you went there?
Ewa cara yekê bû. That was the first time.
Cara duduya, ez çûme, kongreya nivîskarên kurd. The second time, I went, to the congress of Kurdish writers.
Kongreya nivîskarên kurd, li Hewlêrê, Erebîlê. Yes.
Kongreya nivîskarên kurd, li Hewlêrê, Erebîlê. The congress of Kurdish writers, in Erbil, in Erbil.
Sala çendê? In what year?
Hezar û nehsed û heftê û yek. Nineteen seventy-one.
Dîsa, ji bo majîstêra Ehmedê Xanî bû. Again, it was for the master's on Ehmedê Xanî.
Îcar hingê, şeş mamosteyên cama'ê hebûn. So at that time, there were six university professors.
Yek jî jin bû. Diktora Bakes... Bakes. One was a woman. Dr. Bakes... Bakes.
Pêncên din jî, ustazên mamosteyê cama'ê bûn, qismê edeba kurdî li Bexdayê. The other five, were university professors, in the Kurdish literature department in Baghdad.
Heta yek ji wan, min navê wan ji bîr kiriye, bes, ew e, Îzedîn Mustefa Resûl. Even one of them, I've forgotten their names, but, it's him, Izedin Mustafa Rasul.
Ew jî, majîstêr... yan doktora, pê edeba kurdî çêkiribû. Li waqî... dudu, dî doktora çêkirin. He too, had done a master's... or doctorate, in Kurdish literature. In reality... two, they did another doctorate.
Yekî li waqî'î fil edeb el kurdî, yek jî ser Mem û Zînê wî çêkir. One in reality in Kurdish literature, and another one he did on Mem and Zin.
Min got, em arîkariyekê bikin. Arîkarî. Yekî got, ez bi xwe çêdikim. I said, let's establish some cooperation. Cooperation. That one, said I'll do it myself.
Min got, ez jî bi tenê çêdikim. Wileh, derbas bû, heta wextekê. I said, I'll do it alone too. By God, time passed, until a while.
Dîsa em... paşî yekî ji wan, min navê wî jî ji bîr kiriye. Again we... then one of them, I've forgotten his name too.
Got, te kerem bike... here xarê Bexdayê, ji bo qismê edebê kurdî bibînî. He said, please... go down to Baghdad, to see the Kurdish literature department.
Cama'a Bexdayê. Em çûne Bexdayê. Baghdad University. We went to Baghdad.
Du şevan me li wir jî ma, em vegeriyan. We stayed there for two nights as well, we returned.
Jixwe, destpê kir, meseleya Mem û Zînê. Anyway, it started, the matter of Mem and Zin.
Majîstêra xwe, hizar û nehsed û şêst... dudiyan min temam kir. My master's, I completed it in nineteen sixty... two.
Hezar û nehsed û heftê û dudiyan. Dudiyan min temam kir. Nineteen seventy-two. I completed it in two.
Te li Bexdayê temam kir? Lê li Bêrûtê? You completed it in Baghdad? Or in Beirut?
Li Bêrûtê. Min got, min l' Bêrûtê sicil kiribû. In Beirut. I said, I had registered in Beirut.
Hezar û nehsed û heftê û sêyan. Eş... heştê adarê. Nineteen seventy-three. March eighth.
Te dî li Sûriyê utle bû, eyda sewreta Be'sê ye. Min majîstêra xwe, munaqeşe çêkir. You see it was a holiday in Syria, the anniversary of the Ba'ath revolution. I defended my master's.
Şahade pê stand. Ew şahade, ew çêbû. I received the certificate. That certificate, it was done.
Dîsa hevalên me, hevalên hizbî hatibûn girtin. Again our friends, party friends had been arrested.
Heta 73an ez hatime girtin. Dîsa ez girtî me, Xalid Meşayix me hem Ebdulla Mele Elî, em heval... hevalên hizb dîsa hatine girtin. Until '73 I was arrested. Once again I was arrested, with Khalid Mashayikh and Abdullah Mele Ali, we friends... party members were arrested again.
Ji ber çi hatin girtin û li kuderê hatin girtin? Why were you arrested and where were you arrested?
Li Helebê hatin girtin û hinek li Cizîrê hatin girtin. Bes ên Heleb hatin hebskirin. We were arrested in Aleppo and some were arrested in Jazira. But only those in Aleppo were imprisoned.
Sedem çi ye? What was the reason?
Sedem ha, qiyadeya partî bû. Qiyadeya merheleyê partî. The reason was the party leadership. The leadership of the party stage.
Ez 1958an havînê, rehmetiyê Fedil Hesen... Ew gundiyê Hec Silêman bû. Ewî rabû, ez tevlî hizbê kirim. Hizbê gund. In the summer of 1958, the late Fadil Hasan... He was a villager of Hec Sileman. He got up and involved me in the party. The party of the village.
Paşê em çûn Helebê, ez ketim tanzîma Helebê, partî, 1958an. Then we went to Aleppo, I joined the Aleppo organization, the party, in 1958.
Zatê hevalên me 1960î hatine girtin. Dîsa qiyadeya hizb e, partî. In fact, our friends were arrested in 1960. Again, it was the party leadership.
Hingî me ew çêkir... Qiyadeya... Munazzamet Rabîtet Telebet El Ekrad Fî Sûriya. Then we formed... The leadership of... The Organization of the League of Kurdish Students in Syria.
Li Şamê em rûniştin, telebeyên camî'î, ez, dr. ... hingî tullab bûn em. Ez, Nûreddîn Zaza. Tekiliya me bi hevalên hizbî re pir bû, ên qiyadî. We stayed in Damascus, university students, me, Dr. ... at that time we were students. Me, Nureddin Zaza. We had a lot of contact with party members, the leaders.
Cibîna Heleb çêkirin, cibîna Qamişlo çêkirin. Ew e Rabîtet Telebet El Ekrad. Sefê camî'î bû, paşê deka ket e sanewî. They formed the Aleppo front, they formed the Qamishli front. That was the League of Kurdish Students. It was for university students, later it went to high school students.
Sala 1964an. In the year 1964.
Belê. Yes.
Cibîn me çêkir. Ez bûme endamê lîjneya merkezî, em şeş bûn hatine intîxab kirin. We formed a front. I became a member of the central committee, there were six of us elected.
Li mala Selah Bedredîn, roja înê, li Qamişlo, taxa Terîq El Cuma. At Salah Badruddin's house, on Friday, in Qamishli, in the Tariq Al-Juma neighborhood.
Hingî Xalid Meşayix, Mihemed Ehmed... Hingî Hemîd Derwêş mewqûf bû. At that time Khalid Mashayikh, Muhammad Ahmed... At that time Hamid Darwish was detained.
Paşê, em vegeriyane hizb. Me heta 74an kar kir... 64-65... Tê de du cara înşîqaq çêkirin Osman Sebrî û Reşîd... Selah Bedredîn. Then, we returned to the party. We worked until '74... '64-'65... In it, Osman Sabri and Rashid... Salah Badruddin, made two splits.
Kirine Hizbê Îttîhad Şeeb, terefê yesar. Min got ez kar nakim. They made the People's Union Party, the leftist side. I said I won't work.
Dibe partî, bibe du perçe, ez kar nakim. A party becoming two pieces, I won't work in it.
Yanî ku perçe bibe, yanî tu di perçan de kar nakî? So when it's split, you don't work in the fractions?
Kar nakim, belê. I don't work, yes.
Hingî di 65an hatime girtin dîsa. Then I was arrested again in '65.
1965an, meha mijdarê... Teşrîna Sanî bû. In 1965, the month of November... It was Tishrin al-Thani.
Ez hatime girtin. Em dane Mehkemeyê Eskerî, me tehwîlî hebsê kirin. I was arrested. We were taken to the Military Court, and transferred to prison.
Seneda kefaletê... Muhemiyê me hingî hebû. A bail bond... We had a lawyer then.
Bi seneda kefaletê piştî pênc rojan, em berdan. Min edî kar nekir. With a bail bond, after five days, they released us. I didn't work anymore.
Lê wexta hevalên... di 1973an de hatin girtin. But when friends... were arrested in 1973.
Hûrîk û Zekeriya... mamoste Zekeriya ji Maratê, û hevalên me ên din ji Kobanê, Mistefa Ibrahîm. Gotin: 'Mêr e kar bike.' Hurik and Zakariya... Teacher Zakariya from Marat, and our other friends from Kobani, Mustafa Ibrahim. They said: 'Be a man and work.'
Lîjneya Merkezî ya hizb, yek bû. Ez bûm lîjneya mantiqî. The central committee of the party was one. I joined the regional committee.
Ê hizbê merhelî. Me kar kir piştî cibînek me li Helebê çêkir, serê salê. The party stage. We worked after we formed a front in Aleppo, at the beginning of the year.
73, 74 serê salê bû. Li mala rehmetiyê Hec Şêxo. Şêxo Ehmed. It was the beginning of the year '73, '74. At the house of the late Hajj Sheikho. Sheikho Ahmed.
Cibînek din me li Efrînê çêkir, nîsanê bû. Cibînek me çêkir nîsanê bû li mala Arif Ebdulmecîd, xwişkuriya wî seydelî ye. We formed another front in Afrin, it was in April. We formed a front in April at Arif Abdulmajid's house, his sister's son is a pharmacist.
Nîsanê, hevalên me Nazmî teva lîjneya fer'î... li Kûkanê hatine girtin. In April, our friends Nazmi and the sub-committee... were arrested in Kukan.
Te hatin e girtin... îxbar kirin... û hevalên wan Nazmî, Şêx Elî, Arif Ebdulmecîd, Ebdulrehman Osman rehmetî. They were arrested... they were reported... and their friends Nazmi, Sheikh Ali, Arif Abdulmajid, the late Abdulrahman Osman.
Welle li min digeriyan, ez nedîtim. Ez hatibûm Helebê, ez hatibûme gund. Hatin gund, ez çûbûme erdê cew... me ceh diçand. Well, they were looking for me, they didn't find me. I had come to Aleppo, I had come to the village. They came to the village, I had gone to the barley fields... we were planting barley.
Dibû me ew kişt dikirin. Ez li ser çiya kişt dikir. Wan cîhê nas nêxistin. We were probably cultivating it. I was cultivating on the mountain. They didn't recognize the place.
Muxaberatan ez negirtim. The intelligence did not catch me.
Mamoste bûm li sanawiyet El Mutenebî, mamosteyê bekeloriyayê bûm. I was a teacher at Al-Mutanabbi High School, I was a baccalaureate teacher.
Mudîrê mektebê, muhafiz weraqek aniye, daniye malê... weraq teslîm kir. The school principal brought a paper from the governor, left it at home... he handed over the paper.
Du cara mala Emîne Birîmo, li hemberî me bû, Kolana Kulliyet El Hendese. Min dît ew weraqe avêt, min sêr kir weraqe ye, min çû xwe teslîm kir Şuubeya Siyasî li hemberî berîdê Cemîliyeyê bû. Twice at Emine Birimo's house, which was opposite us, at the Faculty of Engineering Street. I saw he dropped the paper, I looked and saw it was a paper, I went and surrendered myself to the Political Branch which was opposite the Jamiliya post office.
Belê. Yes.
Çi mesele ye? What's the matter?
Got: 'Welle te beyanat heye... matbe'eya hizb li cem te ye.' Min got ez dinivîsim, ez neşrat ez dinivîsim, lê matbe'e ne li cem min e da ku ez we re bibêjim. He said: 'Well, you have statements... the party's printing press is with you.' I said I write, I write publications, but the printing press is not with me so I can tell you.
Gunehê matbe'ê da xelkê. Tê de îşkence çêkirin. The blame for the printing press fell on others. They tortured people in there.
Sê însanan pêşî ez girtîme, dane destê muxaberatan. Three people, I was arrested first, they handed us to the intelligence.
Li xistin hebû? Was there beating?
Îşkence? Belê. Torture? Yes.
Berî em derbasî dîroka gundê Xezewiyê bibin. Naha pir tişt bala min dikişînin. Tiştên kevn maşellah zakereta te pir rind e, tişto ji bîr nekiriye. Tiştê dîtî û zanistiya te, yanî em karin bêjin tu mewsûeyekî zanistî ye, maşellah melûmatên te pir in, zimanê te jî rind in. Before we move on to the history of the village of Ghazawiya. Now many things catch my attention. Old things, Mashallah your memory is very good, you haven't forgotten things. What you've seen and your knowledge, meaning we can say you're a scientific encyclopedia, Mashallah your information is abundant, and your language is beautiful too.
Ev tiştan te çima nekir pirtûkek? Yan jî em bêjin pirtûkên te hene? Why didn't you make these things into a book? Or should we say do you have books?
Welle pirtûk... pirtûkek min ser Mem û Zînê çêkiriye ha ya... Well a book... I've written a book about Mem û Zîn...
Bi navê te, te ew çêkiriye. Çi salê te çap kiriye ew? Under your name, you made it. What year did you publish it?
Çap kir, 1973an. I published it, in 1973.
Min çap kir, çil nusxe ha min mezin, min dûsed nusxe dane camî'ayê. Çend nusxe jî li ser hevalan bela kirin. Nusxeyek tenê li cem min heye. I printed it, forty large copies, I gave two hundred copies to the university. And I distributed a few copies among friends. I only have one copy with me.
Ew jî... di nav pirtûkan de ye. And that one... is among the books.
Ew li cem min gotin ez ê çap bikim careke din. Min got: 'Na'. As keyfa min jê re nîne. Those with me said I will print it again. I said: 'No'. I'm not really in the mood for it.
Ew, min çêkirî bû beriya salên 70yî. That, I had made it before the '70s.
Ne ev nivîsa te bîne bîra min... This writing you brought up reminds me...
Mele Mistefa carekî hate cem min, gotî: "Te qedr û qîmetê Ehmedê Xanî baş derxist. Tiştê te çêkirî, te qedr û qîmetê Ehmedê Xanî baş derxist." Mele Mustafa once came to me and said: "You brought out the worth and value of Ehmedê Xanî well. The thing you made, you brought out the worth and value of Ehmedê Xanî well."
Min sê salan tê de kar kir. Qedr û qîmetê Ehmedê Xanî. Min got: "Ez dikarim hêj zêde bikim, wext nîne, wext nîne ku ez zêde bikim." I worked on it for three years. The worth and value of Ehmedê Xanî. I said: "I can add even more, there is no time, there is no time for me to add more."
Naha xalo, piştî em wusa li ser dîroka te axivîn, dîroka jiyana te ya xwendinê. Emê werin hingî dîroka gundê te. Now uncle, after we've talked like this about your history, the history of your studying life. Then we will come to the history of your village.
Gundê Xezewiyê. Em ê werin destpêka gund, kengî gund ava bûye û em bibêjin malbatên destpêkê hatine vir kî bûn? The village of Ghazawiya. We will come to the beginning of the village, when the village was built and let's say who were the first families to come here?
Gundê Xezewiyê... belkî bêhtirî 200 salî heye. The village of Ghazawiya... is perhaps more than 200 years old.
Lê dîrokek ez zanim ku bapîrê me yê kevin... But a history I know is that our old grandfather...
Navê wî Soro bû, hatibû li bin qişlê, digotin Qişlê, Qişleya Eliyaxa. His name was Soro, he had come below the barracks, they called it the Barracks, Eliyaxa's Barracks.
Ser mala Xaço re... di wê de ciyê xwe danîbû. Above Xacho's house... he settled there.
Di ba wî Soro de, du lawên wî çêbûn. Yek Elî bû, û yek Silêman bû. With that Soro, he had two sons. One was Ali, and one was Sulaiman.
Ew Elî û Silêman, Elî birayê mezin bû. Silêman birayê piçûk bû. Tê de milkên gund ê Xezewiyê, teqrîben nîvî milkê gund kirin yê wan. That Ali and Sulaiman, Ali was the older brother. Sulaiman was the younger brother. There the properties of the village of Ghazawiya, approximately half of the village's property became theirs.
Bes perçeyekî wan, di ber ciyê mala Yûsifaxa... Ew jî hebû. But a piece of theirs, next to the place of Yusufaxa's house... That was there too.
Ev e di dîrokê de, bizabt ez nizanim, lê ew herdu birayên hev re, milkê wan çêbû. Elî çar lawên xwe hebûn. This is in history, I don't know exactly, but those two brothers together, they got their property. Ali had four sons.
Yek jê Emer, û Mihemed e. One of them is Omar, and Muhammad.
Rifet... Silêman jî çar pênc lawên xwe hebûn. Rifat... Sulaiman also had four or five sons.
Tedî milkê pir di destê Elî de ma. Milkê kêm di destê Silêman de. Ji ber ku yek birayê mezin bû. Then most of the property remained in Ali's hands. Less property was in Sulaiman's hands. Because one was the older brother.
Yanî du bira hatine gund, û du çêbûn? Meaning two brothers came to the village, and two were born?
Na, yek hate gund, du çêbûn. No, one came to the village, two were born.
Elî, jinek bir ji Rêwiyan. Jina wî îslam bû. Ali, took a wife from the Rewiyan tribe. His wife was a Muslim.
Wextê Soro, êzdî bû. At Soro's time, he was Yezidi.
Wexta ku Soro kete rehmê, Elî gotê: 'Ez xoce tînim ser te, te telqîn bike.' Got: 'Na,' û şorake nexweş kir. Got: 'Xoceyê îslaman neyê ser min.' When Soro passed away, Ali told him: 'I will bring an Islamic cleric to you, to give you the sermon.' He said: 'No,' and he said something unpleasant. He said: 'The cleric of the Muslims should not come over me.'
Xoceyê îslaman, fela neyê ser min... Ev êzdî bû. Êzdî mir. The cleric of the Muslims, the Christians should not come over me... He was Yezidi. He died a Yezidi.
Belê. Soro. Yes. Soro.
Elî warisê wî bû. Û Silêman, û malên din jî li gund hebûn. Mala Kêfo heye. Ali was his heir. And Sulaiman, and there were other families in the village. There is the Kefo family.
Şêxlerên gund hebûn. Adil, Adil Hemgul û Cimî Hemgul ew qardaş bûn. There were the Sheikhs of the village. Adil, Adil Hemgul and Jimi Hemgul, they were brothers.
Û mala Kêfo jî, Mistefayê Kêfo hebû, Mûsê Kêfo hebû, Mihemed Eliyê Kêfo hebû. And the Kefo family too, there was Mustafa Kefo, Musa Kefo, Muhammad Ali Kefo.
Malên Teter jî hebûn, min got e te malên ... Teter. Ûsivê Qasim e, Teterê Qasim e. There were also the Teter families. I told you about the families of... Teter. Usiv of Qasim, Teter of Qasim.
Mhm. Mhm.
Malên Hesenko jî hebûn, malên Hesenko... Elî Hesenko, Menanê Hesenko wan. There were also the Hesenko families, the Hesenko families... Eli Hesenko, Menan of Hesenko, and so on.
Mhm. Mhm.
Ew jî hebûn, ew hemî ziraet dikirin, kar dikirin wan. They were there too, they all farmed, they worked.
Tefrîqe qet carî tunebû di ortê Îslam û Êzdiyan de. There was absolutely no discrimination between Muslims and Yezidis.
Te dît mala Şêxleran ... Mistoyê Hemo hebû, Çolo hebû... Mhm.
Te dît mala Şêxleran ... Mistoyê Hemo hebû, Çolo hebû... You know the Shexler family... There was Misto of Hemo, there was Cholo...
Çolo ji birayê wî re digotin, leqeb Çolo bû. Bes navê wî Ehmed bû. They called his brother Cholo, Cholo was a nickname. His actual name was Ahmed.
Misto û ... ev qardaşên wî, ew Êzdî bûn. Misto and... his brothers, they were Yezidis.
Û malên ... malên Kedê hebûn, ew jî, malên Hemedo, wan... And there were... the Kede families, they too, the Hemedo families, them...
Di gund de ferq di navbera zengîn û feqîran de tunebû, ferqa Êzdî û Îslam tunebû. There was no difference between the rich and the poor in the village, there was no difference between Yezidis and Muslims.
Temamê gund bi hev ra rind bûn. The entire village was on good terms with each other.
Îla wextê ku em gihîştin sala 1958'an partî belav bû li Xezewiyê. Until we reached the year 1958, the party spread in Xezewiye.
Hizb jî çêbûn, sê hizb li gund hebûn. Political parties also emerged, there were three parties in the village.
Li gundê Xezewiyê sê hizb çêbûn. Three parties emerged in the village of Xezewiye.
Li gundê Xezewiyê hebûn, hizbê Partî û hizbê Hemîd Derwêş, Pêşverû, yanî Teqadumî. They existed in the village of Xezewiye: the Parti (KDP) and Hamid Darwish's party, Peshveru, which is Progressive.
Yanî navê wî derketiye wek ku xebat dikir, karê hizbî li wî gundî dikir? So his name became well-known for being active, doing party work in that village?
Erê hizbê me, hizbê Partî pir bû. Yes, our party, the Parti, had a large presence.
Xelk Barzanî bû wekî rehmetî Zekeriya digot ji min re. Digot: "Xelk hemî Barzanî ye, yê ku xebat neke jî dîsa Barzanî ye". The people were Barzanis, as the late Zakariya used to tell me. He said, "All the people are Barzani; even the one who doesn't do party work is still a Barzani."
Berî ez werim Xezewiyê min pirs kir. Naha min got emê herin gundê Xezewiyê jî ha... I asked before coming to Xezewiye. I said, now we are going to go to the village of Xezewiye...
Eh. Yeah.
Gotin gundê Xezewiyê piranî em dikarin bêjin ku Barzanî ne, Partî ne. They told me that the village of Xezewiye is mostly, we could say, Barzani, they are Parti.
Belê belê, belê, belê, belê... bes hene, yanî çend malên ... Hemîd Derwêş jî hene, li vir. Yes, yes, yes, yes... but there are, there are also a few families of... Hamid Darwish here.
Em werin cihên dîrokî yên kevnar li gund çi hene? Coming to the ancient historical places, what is there in the village?
Cihên dîrokî... eserî, em bibêjin ê kevn. Historical places... archaeological, let's say ancient ones.
Ê kevn, welleh em dibêjin ne'ûs ku digotin, cema'le ye, cema'le xeloyê Misto Çolo... For the ancient ones, well, we have what they called the "ne'us", it's the "jem'ale", the "jem'ale" of Misto Cholo's uncle...
Sê... sê qul di wir da hene. Te dît mala xalo wê girda. There are three... three holes there. You know the uncle's house is on that hill.
Paşê apê min Mixter xeber da got welleh wek şikeftin. Eserî ne, wek şikeftin. Then my uncle, who is the Mukhtar, informed us and said, "By God, they are like caves. They are archaeological, like caves."
Û Jor jî ... mala Hemom, bapê mala Hemocor hebû. And above... there was Hemom's house, Hemocor's grandfather's house.
Digotin mirov dadiket bi derecan. Curn hebû du metran kûr e. They used to say one would go down via stairs. There was a mortar that was two meters deep.
Vir da jî tiştekî wisa hebû, mirov nizanî çiye... ew di şikefta Du Deriyê... li ser bircê ra ye. There was also something like this around here, one doesn't know what it is... it's in the Du Deriye cave... above the tower.
Mhm. Mhm.
Ew jî tiştekî Eserî ye. Şikeftinek li jor heye, dibêjin şikefta Pêriyê Zînê. That is also an archaeological thing. There is a cave up there, they call it the cave of Periye Zin.
Şikefta Pîrêzînê... Pîrêzîn, yanî çi? The cave of Pirezine... What does Pirezine mean?
Pêriyê Zîn, navê xwe heye, şikefta navê xwe heye, me'neya xwe tiştekî Eserî ye. Periye Zin, it has its own name, the cave has its own name, meaning it's an archaeological thing.
Belê. Yes.
Û ev meseleya Lêwik e ku, şikefta Dideriyê... piçekî jê dûr e, zate meşhûr e, ew tiştên wê zate. Tiştên Eserî helbet ... And there is the matter of the boy, the Dideriye cave... it's a bit far from it, it's already famous, the things in it are known. Archaeological things, of course...
Tirb hebûn, tirbên li Xerbiyê gund. Te dît gund wisa fereh bûye... There were graves, the graves to the west of the village. You see how the village has expanded...
Piştî mala Xoce ... Mihmedê Xoce... li wira tirb hebûn. Behind the Xoce's house... Mihmed of Xoce... there were graves there.
Tirbên çûçik bûn digotin tirbên yahûdiyan in. They were small graves, they used to say they were the graves of Jews.
Tirbên yahûdiyan in? The graves of Jews?
Tirbên yahûdiyan in digotin. They used to say they are the graves of Jews.
Yanî Cihû li vir derê hebûn, yan ew... So there were Jews here, or they...
Nizanim, digotin tirbên yahûdiyan in. I don't know, they used to say they are the graves of Jews.
Berê jî Xezewiyan zate miriyên xwe gişt dibirin ... Şadêrê. In the past, the people of Xezewiye used to take all their dead... to Shadere.
Miriyên xwe gişt dibirin Şadêrê veşartin, heta noka jî Êzidî... gişt diherin Şadêrê veşêrin. They took all their dead to bury in Shadere, even now the Yezidis... all go to Shadere to bury them.
Piştî wextê ku li vir, Xezewiyê çêbûn... xelk ... li vir veşartin. Later, when people settled here in Xezewiye... people... buried them here.
Yanî ... tirbên Xezewiyê hindik in li berê. I mean... the graves in Xezewiye are fewer than before.
Mmm... Belê. Mmm... Yes.
Kerem ke. Go ahead.
Spasiya te dikim, saetiya te xweş. I thank you, have a good time.
Ser çavan ... tu bi xêr hatî ... You are most welcome...
Temaşevanên me yên hêja û delal... Our esteemed and dear viewers...
Em kanin bibêjin niha em gihîştin dawiya xeleka bernameya îro, bernameya Gund û Welat. We can say that we have now reached the end of today's episode of the program "Gund û Welat" (Village and Country).
Bi hêvî me ku we xelek ecibandibe, û ji vê xelekê kêfxweş bûbin. I hope you liked the episode and enjoyed it.
Li benda me bimînin bi xelekên din û ji cihên nû. Stay tuned for more episodes from new places.